guide.php Английская грамматика | Сравнительная степень
Slovariky.ru
Авторизация

Сравнительная степень



Есть две формы сравнительной степени в английском языке. Одна использует суффикс -er, а другая использует слово more ....

  • Мы употребляем -er для коротких слов (односложных):
  • cheap ==> cheaper    fast ==> faster    large ==> larger    thin ==> thinner
  • Мы также используем -er для двусложных слов, оканчивающихся на -y (-y ==> ier):
  • silly ==> sillier    lucky ==> luckier    early ==> earlier    pretty ==> prettier
  • Мы употребляем more ... для более длинных слов (два слога или более):
  • more serious     more often     more expensive     more comfortable
  • Мы также употребляем more ... для наречий, которые оканчиваются на -ly:
  • more slowly     more seriously     more quietly     more carefully

  • Сравните эти примеры:
You're older than me. You're more patient than me.
The exam was fairly easy - easier than I expected. The exam was quite difficult - more difficult than I expected.
Can you walk a bit faster? Can you walk a bit more slowly?
I'd like to have a bigger car. I'd like to have a more reliable car.
The task occured to be easier than I thought. I don't play tennis much these days. I used to play more often.
  • Вы можете использовать -er или more ... с некоторыми двусложными прилагательными, в частности: clever, narrow, quiet, shallow, simple.
  • Please, be more quiet! or Please, be quieter!

  • Есть несколько прилагательных и наречий, которые имеют неправильную сравнительную форму:
  • good/well ==> better:
  • The garden looks better since you tidied it up.
  • I play chess very well - probably better than anybody else in our club.
  • bad/badly ==> worse:
  • "How is your headache? Better?" "No, it's worse."
  • He did very badly in the exam - worse than expected.
  • far ==> further (или farther)::
  • It's a long walk from here to the park - further than I thought. или farther than I thought.
  • Further ( но не farther) также может означать "еще" или "дополнительно":
  • Let me know if you hear any further news.

  • Перед сравнительной формой вы можете использовать: much, a lot, far, a bit, a little, slightly.
  • Let's go by car. It's much cheaper.
  • "How do you feel?" "Much better, thanks."
  • Don't go by train. It's a lot more expensive.
  • Could you speak a bit more slowly?
  • This bag is slightly heavier than the other one.
  • Her illness was far more serious than we thought at first.
  • Мы можем использовать any или no перед сравнительной степенью:
  • I've waited long enough. I'm not waiting any longer.
  • We expected their house to be very big, but it's no bigger than ours.
  • How do you feel now? Do you feel any better?
  • This hotel is better than the other one, and it's no more expensive.
  • Мы повторяем сравнительную форму (better and better и т.д.) чтобы сказать, что что-то происходит постоянно:
  • Your English is improving. It's getting better and better.
  • The city is growing fast. It's getting bigger and bigger.
  • Mary got more and more sleepy as we were travelling through the desert.
  • These days more and more people are learning English.
  • Мы можем употребить the ... the ... чтобы сказать, что одна вещь зависит от другой:
  • The younger you are, the easier it is to learn.
  • The closer to the sea, the air is more wet.
  • The more I thought about the plan, the less I liked it.
  • The warmer the weather, the better I feel.
  • Иногда вы можете просто сказать the + сравнительная степень + the better:
  • "What time shall we leave?" "The sooner the better."
  • Сравнительная степень от old - older:
  • David looks older than he really is.
  • Вы также можете сказать elder когда говорите о членах семьи. Например:
  • My elder sister is a teacher.