guide.php Английская грамматика | Present Perfect Continuous
Slovariky.ru
Авторизация

Present Perfect Continuous



Структура Present Perfect Continuous


Утверждение I / We / You / They have (= 've) been present participle
he / she / it has (= 's) been present participle
Отрицание I / We / You / They have not been
haven't been
present participle
he / she / it has not been
hasn't been
present participle
Вопрос Have I / We / You / They been present participle
Has he / she / it been present participle

Использование Present Perfect Continuous

Время Present Perfect Continuous используется для того, чтобы показать что действие началось в прошлом и продолжалось до настоящего времени. В этом случае обычно указывают, как долго это действие длилось (for five minutes, for two weeks), или с какого момента оно началось (since Tuesday, since I first met her).

  • James has been teaching at the university since June.
  • They have been talking for the last hour.
  • We have been waiting here for over half an hour!
  • It's been raining since lunchtime.
  • She has been working at that company for three years.
  • Why has Clara not beeing taking her medicine for the last three days?

В этих примерах мы используем время present потому что мы смотрим на эти действия из настоящего. Мы используем время perfect потому что действие стартовало в прошлом. И мы используем continuous потому что оно длилось какое-то время. Вы также можете использовать время Present Perfect Continuous без указания длительности. В этом случае мы имеем в виду, что действие произошло недавно. Для блльшей выразительности мы часто используем такие слова как "lately" или "recently".

  • Lisa has not been practicing her English.
  • Mary has been feeling a little depressed recently.
  • What have you been doing?
  • She has been watching too much television lately.

  • Время Present Perfect Continuous также используется для описания действий, которые только-что или недавно закончились. Всегда присутствует связь с настоящим:
  • It has been raining.
  • Paul is very tired. He's been working very hard.
  • Where have you been? I've been looking for you everywhere
  • I've been talking to Robert about the problem and he agrees with me.

  • Помните, что мы должны использовать Present Perfect для статических глаголов:
  • How long have you known Jane.
  • I have had a pain in my stomach from the morning.
  • He has been in Canada since April.

  • Для live и work вы можете использовать как Present Perfect Continuous, так и Present Perfect:
  • He has been living in Madrid for a long time. или Julia has lived in Paris for a long time.
  • How long have you been working here? или How long have you worked here?

  • Однако, мы используем только Present Perfect когда употребляем always:
  • I have always lived in the country.

  • Мы говорим "I have not done something since/for ..."
  • I have not seen Tom since Monday.
  • Sarah has not phoned for ages.

  • Наречие ставиться непосредственно перед been:
  • I have only been seeing here for two minutes.
  • Have you only been waiting here for one hour?

  • Сравните Present Perfect Continuous и Present Perfect:
Present Perfect Continuous Present Perfect
She has been painting the door.
Мы интересуемся только действием. Для нас не имеет значения, завершилось оно или нет.
She has painted the door.
Для нас важно, что действие завершилось. Has painted - законченное действие. Мы интересуемся результатом действия, а не действием как таковым.
It's nice to see you again. What have you been doing all this time since we last met? Where's the book I gave you? What have you done with it?
My hands are very dirty. I've been repairing the car. The car is OK again now. I've repiaired it.
Where have you been? Have you been playing chess? Have you ever played chess?