Относительные предложения
В простейшем случае относительное предложение говорит нам, какой человек или предмет имеется в виду:
people who live in a country
the cheese which was in the fridge
a company that is VoIP provider.
Мы употребляем who в относительном предложении когда говорим о людях,
а не о предметах:
People who live in a country are very healthy.
What was the name of the person who phoned you?
The woman who lives next door is from France.
Иногда можно использовать that вместо who, но нельзя употреблять
which для лююдей:
The woman that lives next door is from France.
Когда мы говорим о предметах, мы используем that или which в относительных предложениях:
I work for a company that is VoIP provider.
The computer which could not start is fixed now.
I don't like stories that have unhappy endings.
What означает "то, что".
Сравните that и what:
Everything that happened was my fault.
What happened was my fault.
Относительное предложение - это предложение, в котором who/that/which
может быть дополнением, а может быть и подлежащим. В случае подлежащего,
как в предыдущих предложениях, мы не можем опустить его.
The woman who lives next door is from France.
Но если это дополнение к глаголу, мы можем опустить его.
The woman who I wanted to see was away.
Have you found the keys that you lost?
Is there anything that I can do?
The dress that you bought doesn't fit you very well.
Обратите внимание на позицию предлогов in, to, for и т.д. Они следуют за глаголом:
Do you know the woman Tom is talking to?
The bed which I slept in last night wasn't very comfortable.
The woman he fell in love with left him after a month.
The man I was sitting next to on the plane talked all the time.