Present Perfect
Exercise 01
Exercise 02
Exercise 03
Exercise 04
Exercise 05
Exercise 06
Exercise 07
Exercise 08
Exercise 09
Exercise 10
Exercise 11
Exercise 12
Структура Present Perfect
| Утверждение | I / We / You / They | have (= 've) | past participle |
| he / she / it | has (= 's) | past participle | |
| Отрицание | I / We / You / They | have not / haven't | past participle |
| he / she / it | has not / hasn't | past participle | |
| Вопрос | Have | I / We / You / They | past participle |
| Has | he / she / it | past participle |
Использование Present Perfect
Время Present Perfect используется чтобы из настоящего говорить о действиях в прошлом.
Время действия - прошедшее, но без указания, когда именно было действие, нам это не интересно. Нам важен результат в настоящем.
Мы используем Present Perfect для описания:
~ действия или положения, которое началось в прошлом и продолжается в настоящем.
You have grown since the last time I saw you.
I have lived in Bristol since 1984.
We have had the same car for ten years.
~ действия выполняемого в течение периода, который еще не закончился.
I have worked hard this week.
We haven't seen her today.
It has rained a lot this year.
~ повторяющегося действия в какой-то период времени между прошлым и настоящим.
It has happened several times already.
She has visited them frequently.
I've been to France three times.
~ действия, которое завершилось в недавнем прошлом. Мы употребляем в этом случае just.
Has he just left?
I have just eaten.
We've just seen her.
~ действия, для которого время не имеет значения.
Someone has eaten my sandwich!
Have you ever seen real snake?
She's studied mathematics.
Вы можете поставить наречие непосредственно перед past participle:
You have only seen that movie one time.
Have you only seen that movie one time?
Exercise 01
Exercise 02
Exercise 03
Exercise 04
Exercise 05
Exercise 06
Exercise 07
Exercise 08
Exercise 09
Exercise 10
Exercise 11
Exercise 12